Tool-handle-holding means



' G. D. HAINES.

TOOL HANDLE HOLDING MEANS.

. APPLICATION FILED FEB. a, 1922.

Patented Oct. 17, 1922.

Patented Oct. 17, 1922.

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Applieetim filedrlehnfiery 3,,1922- "Serial N .Tovallwhhm i may c nce n 1. 3 s. it. known that I, @GEQRGE; He ms, a o tia let. the Uni States, and rest dentiezfiChi egei in h eeuh y Qt. eek-fen lStete'oil-linpis,hate nvent d .Q rta d nsefnl lmnrevemen in. flio l-lrlendl eans, at which the follewing is ing My inrentien relat s to h ean ier heldting handles p n h h ds esp tiv ly hf l rge variety eff-v h nd t ol such as hamer l-h h ts, x s, e each ai inggan eye into which the handle projects.v

in the eye of; the toolhead is to drive "several filler pieces, usually of; sharpened flat Inetal, into the end ,ofthe handle Where it lies flush Withthe headvat the eye thereof,

t us pr ad g the we dofthe'h nd r en a binding it in the eye. That method, while cheap, is not setisfactory, for when the weed dries n he further dr vingi e th filler pie es hes i j'if a y lffie infurth n spr ading the Wood, these fille lpiec having substantially no: Wedgingaction exeept at theentering end. If made typically wedge-like they readily ork out of place,

and the addition of teeth or ribs uponithem does not overcome this fault. In such case the usual practiceof the user isto drive in more metal, "mQSt frequently nails, in an effort to tighten the handle in the eye, the

handle thus becoming much weakened, end

7 the desired result is not attained for Want of The present invention is improvement a goodly quantity of firm and strong wood i th ye. he

upon the invention of Alexander S.

vaugmms shown by his a h N 1,3 9,

1721 er December 6th, '19.2:1-. Its chief object .ist pr vide mea f uring h handle in the eye of h i0 he wher y h handle will be h ld w th un sua irmness and ig i y, h reby the handl eseeuri mean erex hemse ves held fir y an.

stmngly aga nst; retra ion, an wher by a men hee end .fra-gmentkef thev handle sewopd takes place. Other objects and advantages willrappear hereinafter. i e

, In the accompanying drawings, which 73-" 132L 3 ofthis specifioation, Figure 1 v medl al vertical section 1threughafham-.

cured together by my" improved locking :de- YnenF g; 2 is heriaontel section-on the line Q Bi 1., being Shown in fnll. vfa e (Vie g the hand e" prepared to re ive the lo .ing device; F 1% iSnIl end view showing h S er l e em nts lr i helr final position a I he usu l .pract lIl s c ing th ha e i '5 and 6 ererespeotivelyedge and face views a nd View showof the wedgeyI-Pigs. Z andS are respectively op and bottom views of the tWo-hpressuretrans initting' members face to face; Figs.

9 and 11 are opposite side edge views and i 10- is an inner face vievvofone of the membe s h w in igs. 7 JandB- My improved construction is herewith illustrated in connectipn, W h'e h nnner of .WQll kIiOWIl form; The head 10 has the usual form of eye commonly knowvnkas an adz e eye, consistingof two principal parts. The first part extends ,fro'm the handle-entrance opening at 11; to about the line A B. It is defined by flat side and end Walls on slanting lines and the opposite Walls come closer together toward the line A-B torm ing Wedging surfaces against which the handle 12 is driven tightly. The second part of the eye extends from about the line A B to the outer surface 13 of the head,

theveye gradually enlarging outwardly. The

eye is thus provided with a constricted or throat portion, and that part of the handle 12' which passes beyond the throat at A -B is necessarily considerably smaller in cross measurements is the eye there, leaving considerable space all around (this end poritionofthe handle, The desideration :is to ,fil-l up thisjspacmand in such a Way that the handle end issubstantia-lly provided with; a, head or enlarged portion Will not, npass hack through the; threat at A-B when the too-l is being used. The driv tioned accomplishes the result to a limited ing in. hi t e filler ,piecesthe ei ah ve menouter end portion of the1member -15, and also of having apair ofcrosswise' ridges 17 on its curved or cylindrical side one of which is at the lower end of each block to provide a relatively wide base. These members 15 have a width which is less than the width of the eye near the throat at A-B and are therefore of considerably less width than is the opening at the-outer surface 13 of the hem;

The two rigid blocks or pressuretransmitting members 15 are shown as'being alike in every respect and a description of one of them will be made in view of Figs. 7 to 11 I drical-shaped side 18-there is a substantially flat general surface at 19 at the normally two slanting surfaces, each of which is substantially half the width of the member 15,

each of which merges into. the surface 19,

and each of which is diagonally disposed with respect to the longitudinal direction of the members 15 and therefore alsoso diagonally disposed with respect to the longitudinal direction of the handle in the tool eye when the parts are normally'assembled as in Fig. 1. One of these slanting surfaces, given the reference numeral 21, is upon a foot-like "forward extension 22 of the block'15, and the other of these slanting surfaces, numbered 23, is formed as if by cutting back into the block on'an angle corresponding to'that of the surface 21 with respect to the plane of the fiat surface 19. 1 This will be clear from Fig. 11. The two members 15 will therefore perfectly interfit with'each other, as shown in Figs. 7 Y and 8, and when they are so positioned they verge, due to the convergence of'thepart of the tool eye occupied by thewedge,'as

shown by Fig. 2. The entering end 26 of the wedge is sharpened. The thinner part of the a wedge is bifurcated as by stamping a longitudinal slot 27 therein, thus forming two legs or prongs 30 adapted to" traverse the facing inclined surfaces 21 and 23 respectively. The wedge 25 is preferably an iron stamping and is soft enough to permit th prongs 30 to bend without breaking. I {Th blocks 15 are also, in my practice, iron stampings.

In the usual practice heretofore, after the handle has been driven tightly into the eye a wooden wedge is driven, in a somewhat diagonal direction, into the handle end in order to force the wood against the walls 33. Such a wedge is used in my present construction also, and is shown. at 3 1, Figs 3 and 4.

35 (Fig. 3) preferably oblong, is bored longitudinally'in the end of the handle substantially midway between its opposite sides and substantially midway between its opposite edges, the hole 35 having a depth equal to that of the anchors 15 and a transverse diameter equal to that of these members 15 at one of the ridges 17 when the blocks'15 are face to face. After a circular hole hasbeen bored'in the handle endthehandle is'tilted slightly in opposite directions, while the-bit is still in the hole,'thus elongating thehole, especially at its outer end portions. These members 15' are then placed'face toface and bottom thereof with their outer ends substantially flush with the surfacel3 ofthe head. f The wedge 25'is next applied between the hammer blows is driven down substantially flush with the surface '13 of the hammer, thus expanding the wood so as to compress it tightly against the end Walls 40and41of the eye. hen the prongs 30 strikethe inclined surfaces 21"and 23 of the blocks 15 they are forced to take the directionofthese slanting surfaces and the points ored'ges 26 of thewedge pass beyond the blocks 15 and diagonally inwardly and laterally into the handle. The prongs 30 diverge, as well shown inFig. 1, and thus the wedge becomes -firmly locked in the handle end. The expanding pressure upon the blocks 15 .is

After this wedge 34 has been applied, ahole' P t the hole 35 so as to'rest upon the two expansion members 15, and by means of greater at its outer portions. than at other places thereon, which provides that a welldistribut'ed holding pressure is brought to bear throughout the extent of the blocks 15 and the wood is caused to fill up the e e in a tight and firm manner as desired. "I

Driving home the wedge forcesthe ribs 17 into" the wood and locks the members 15 against retraction. One rib 17 is preferably placed at the bottom end of each member, 15

ditional surface there. adapted to rest substantially flat uponthe bottom wall, of the hole 35 and cooperate to prevent'these blocks from entering'the handle to a greater extent than is desired. Additional holding m eans 'so a's to increase its base, and thus give ad- "structionis in: the-fact that when the handle "dries out and shrinks and the head becomes loose upon it the original good and tight fit tance between two adjacent teeth 38 on the wedge will restore the fit when the handle is appreciably loose. The drying out of, the

wood naturally causes some looseness to occur between the handleand the head in the first part of the eye also and this may be overcome in the usual way, namely, by striking the free end of the handle a sharp blow with a hammer, driving it farther intothe eye, and thereupon the wedge 25'is simply driven in a short distance and the original tight fit is found to be restored. From Fig. 2 it will be noted that the difference in width between the wedge and the eye of the tool head allows for the driving in of the wedge a considerable distance. The amount, of latitude in this direction may be varied so as to permit the wedge to be driven in still farther if desired.

I contemplate as being within these improvements various changes, departures and modifications from what is herein specifically illustratedand described, and reference should be had to the appended claims to determine the scope of the inventionhereinset forth.

I claim:

1. The combination of a tool head having a handle-eye therein, a handle extending into said eye, a pair of blunt-ended rigid pressure-transmitting members extending into a hole in the handle from the end thereof at the eye, each of said pressure-transmitting members having an inner surface slantingly directed inwardly and laterally with respect to the longitudinal direction of the handle in the eye, said slanting surfaces facing each other, and a wedge between said pressure-transmitting members adapted to be driven by hammer blows inwardly relative to them for forcing said members apart to bind the handle in the eye, respective portions of said wedge extending along and between said slanting surfaces and projecting beyond them laterally into the handle.

2. The combination of a tool head having a handle-eye therein, a handle extending into said eye, a pair of rigid pressure-transmitting members extending into a hole in the handle from the end thereof at the eye, each of said pressure-transmitting members having a pair of inner surfaces slantingly directed with respect to the longitudinal direction of the handle in the eye, the said inner surfaces on one of said members facing inner surfaces respectively on the other memher, said inner surfaces defining passageways between the facing ones thereof, said surfaces inclining in di-fierent directions, and wedge means between said pressuretransmitting members adapted to move in? wardly relative to them for forcing said members apartto blnd the handle in theeye, said wedge means including a pair of wedge members one .of which extends into and bebet-ween said members adapted to be driven inwardly relative to them for forcing said members apart to bind the handle in the eye, said members having oppositely-disposed surfaces slantinginwardly and laterally for bending'a portion of the wedge so as to direct it diagonally into the handle when the wedge is driven. between said members in said hole.

4. The combination of a tool head having a handle-eye therein, a handle extending into said eye, a pair of relatively long rigid pressure-transmitting members extending into a hole in the handle from the eiid thereof at the eye and having their outer ends substantially flush with the end of the handle, said members respectively having means within the handle for locking them in the handle against retraction, the bottom of said hole providing a transverse seat for holding said members substantially against further inward movement, and a wedge positioned operatively between said members, each of said members having surfaces facing each other and directed slantingly with respect to the longitudinal direction of the handle in the eye and adapted to bend a portion of the wedge in such slanting direction whenthe wedge is driven between said members, a portion of said wedge being so slantingly directed and extending into the handle beyond said members.

5. A pressure-transmitting member for handle-holding means, comprising a relatively long body having a blunt end adapted to rest firmly at the bottom ofa hole in a handle, said body having a rounded side surface and having a substantially flat sur f face opposite the rounded surface and also a slanting surface opposite the rounded surface, the slanting surface being directed away from the plane of said flat surface.

6. A pressure-transmitting member for handle-holding means comprising a relatively long body having a blunt end adapt- 'ed to rest firmly at the bottom of a hole in a handle, said body having a rounded side surface and having a substantially flat surface at one end portion opposite the rounded surface thereof, another part of the body GEORGE D. HAINES. 

